Sexual Health

What is sexual health?

Sexual health is a state of physical, emotional, mental and social well-being related to sexuality. It’s important to understand that sexual health is not limited to the absence of disease or dysfunction. Instead, it involves a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships.

Taking care of your sexual health ensures the possibility of having pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free from coercion, discrimination and violence. Sexual health is an essential component of women's health, contributing to a woman's overall quality of life and well-being.

Types of sexual health care

Sexual health care encompasses a wide range of services aimed at maintaining and improving one's sexual health. These services are designed to meet the diverse needs of individuals and include:

• Preventive care: Routine check-ups, screenings and vaccinations to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and other health issues
• Counseling and education: Guidance on healthy relationships, safe sex practices and emotional aspects of sexual health
• Reproductive health services: Family planning, contraception and fertility services tailored to women's health needs
• Diagnosis and treatment: For conditions such as STIs, sexual dysfunction and other sexual health issues

Common sexual health conditions

Maintaining good sexual health means being informed about your body, understanding common conditions and knowing when to seek medical advice. Some of common sexual health conditions affecting women can include:

• Anorgasmia: Anorgasmia is the persistent difficulty or inability to reach orgasm, despite adequate sexual arousal and stimulation. It can be caused by physical or psychological factors, including medications, stress or underlying health issues.
• Bacterial vaginosis (BV): BV results from an imbalance of natural bacteria in the vagina. Symptoms include a thin, grayish discharge with a fishy odor, itching and burning during urination.
• Endometriosis: This condition occurs when the lining of the uterus, called the endometrium, spreads outside the uterus unrelated to a menstrual cycle. Symptoms include painful periods, pelvic pain and discomfort during intercourse.
• Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GMS): GSM encompasses various symptoms related to menopause, such as vaginal dryness, irritation and urinary discomfort, resulting from decreased estrogen levels. This condition affects the vaginal and urinary tissues, often impacting sexual health and quality of life.
• Interstitial cystitis (IC or painful bladder syndrome): Interstitial cystitis is a chronic condition that causes bladder pressure, bladder pain and sometimes pelvic pain. The severity of symptoms varies, and they may mimic those of a urinary tract infection, but without any infection present.
• Lichen sclerosus (LS): Lichen sclerosus is a chronic skin condition affecting the genital and anal areas, leading to white patches, itching and discomfort. It's more common in women, especially post-menopausal.
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): PCOS is a hormonal disorder that causes enlarged ovaries that contain small cysts. Symptoms include irregular menstrual cycles, excessive hair growth and acne.
• Sexual arousal disorder: This disorder is characterized by a lack or significant reduction of sexual interest or arousal. Factors can be psychological, hormonal or relational.
• Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs): STIs are infections transmitted through sexual contact. Common STIs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis and human papillomavirus (HPV). Symptoms vary depending on the infection but can include sores, unusual discharge and pain during intercourse.
• Urinary tract infections (UTIs): UTIs occur when bacteria enter the urinary tract, leading to infection. Symptoms include a strong urge to urinate, burning sensation during urination and cloudy urine.
• Vaginismus: Vaginismus is the involuntary tightening of the vaginal muscles whenever penetration is attempted, making sexual intercourse painful or impossible. This condition is often linked to psychological factors, anxiety or previous trauma.
• Vulvodynia: Vulvodynia is chronic pain or discomfort around the opening of the vagina (vulva) with no identifiable cause. This condition can lead to burning, stinging, irritation or rawness, often making it painful to sit, have intercourse or wear tight clothing.
• Yeast infections: Yeast infections are caused by an overgrowth of a fungus called Candida, which is naturally present in the vagina. Symptoms include itching, redness and a thick, white discharge resembling cottage cheese.

If you experience symptoms that cause discomfort or concern, it is important to seek medical advice. Regular check-ups and open communication with your healthcare clinician can help you maintain good sexual health and catch any issues early.

Treatment for sexual health conditions

Addressing sexual health issues is important for maintaining your overall well-being. Treatment options vary depending on the specific condition but often include:

• Medication: Prescriptions to treat infections or manage symptoms of sexual health conditions
• Therapy: Psychological support for emotional and mental health aspects of sexual health, including counseling and behavioral therapy
• Pelvic floor therapy: If you’re experiencing pain or discomfort during sex, our team can help you find relief through physical therapy designed for strengthening the pelvic floor
• Medical procedures: Surgical or non-surgical interventions for certain conditions affecting sexual health
• Lifestyle modifications: Recommendations for changes in diet, exercise and stress management to improve sexual health

What to expect from sexual health care at Main Line Health

The Advanced Gynecology Program at Main Line Health include clinicians committed to providing comprehensive and compassionate sexual health care. Our services are designed to cater to the unique needs of each patient, ensuring a personalized experience.

We understand that seeking information or treatment for sexual health issues can be a sensitive matter. Our goal is to provide you with clear, accurate and supportive information to help you make informed decisions about your sexual health care. Whether you're dealing with a specific health concern or looking for preventive care, Main Line Health is here to support you every step of the way.